Toxicological evaluation of Guducyadi Louha, an ayurvedic formulation, on biochemical parameters of sprague-dawley rats

Tanmoy Sana, Md. Mamun Sikder, Nayma Abedin, Md. Al Foyjul Islam, Anindya Barua, Md. Abu Adnan Khan, A. A. M. Rakibur Rahman and M. S. K. Choudhuri*

Guducyadi Louha (GCD) is an ayurvedic medicine which is used in the treatment of gout. It is important to evaluate its toxicity in the animal system. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of this ayurvedic formulation, Guducyadi Louha in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Acute toxicity tests were conducted to determine the LD50 of the drug. In chronic study, animals were administered with GCD at a dose of and 400 mg/kg body weight for a period of 51 days. The effects of GCD on biochemical parameters (total protein content, lipid profiles, hepatic function test, kidney function test, uric acid level) were measured as indices of organ toxicity. The drug (GCD) did not affect serum total protein and globulin level; however, a significant (p<0.05) increase occurred in albumin and albumin/globulin ratio in the treated group. In lipid profile study, GCD significantly (p<0.05) increased total cholesterol (TC) and Non HDL-C level; thus leading to a statistically significant increase (p<0.05) of both Cardiac Risk Ratio (TC/HDL-C) and Atherogenic Coefficient [(TC - HDL-C)/HDL-C)]. The drug did not significantly (p<0.05) alter the levels of bilirubin, creatinine, urea, urea/creatinine ratio and uric acid. Overall, the alterations in the biochemical parameters especially lipid profile have consequential effects on the normal functioning of the organs of the animals. Therefore, the drug GCD at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight may not be completely safe as an oral remedy and should be taken with caution if absolutely necessary.