Cancer Treatment and Drug Delivery Systems

Michel Abbanat^*
*Correspondence: Michel Abbanat, Department of Pharmacy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Email:

Received: 10-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. IJP-22-83765; Editor assigned: 14-Nov-2022, Pre QC No. IJP-22-83765 (PQ); Reviewed: 29-Nov-2022, QC No. IJP-22-83765; Revised: 07-Dec-2022, Manuscript No. IJP-22-83765 (R); Published: 15-Dec-2022, DOI: 10.37532/2249-1848-22.12.21

Description

Cancer therapy has drawn attention to nano-drug delivery technologies, and significant work has gone into improving the absorption, bio - compatibility, pharmacokinetic profile, and also in vivo distributions of therapeutic nano-drug delivery systems. Opportunities occur along with the advent of clever stimuli-responsive delivery techniques, but challenges still persist in the fine balance between better anticancer activity and decreased toxicity to normal tissues [1]. These smart delivery devices look promising for advanced tumor-specificity in addition to regulated release behaviour in a spatial-temporal way through on-demand response toward exogenous or endogenous stimulation. In the meantime, the growth of nanotechnology, material sciences, and medical science had illuminated a variety of contemporary drug delivery systems with intelligent features, flexible functions, and modification potential [2].

The typical endogenous and exogenous stimuli-responsive clever delivery methods and reviews the current development in various tactics for smart medicine delivery systems against malignancies. It could serve as a resource for researchers working in the biomaterials, nanotechnology, and drug delivery domains. Due to its exceptional capability to form complexes with molecules and polymers, cyclodextrin, a type of cyclic oligosaccharides with just an outward hydrophilic surface and an inner hydrophobic cavity, is acknowledged as a potential medicinal excipient. Due to CD's superior biocompatibility, security, and stability, several CD-based drug delivery methods have quickly developed during the past two decades [3].

The analysis goes into detail about the most recent developments in CD-based ocular drug delivery systems, such as drug/CD complexes, CD-based nano- and microcarriers (such as nanoemulsions, nanomaterials, micelles, liposomes, nanosponges, microparticles, and microspheres), CD-based hydrogels (such as in vivo hydrogels, supramolecular hydrogels, and soft contact lenses), and CD-based inserts. In addition, a comprehensive summary of the patents, clinical studies, and methodologies for ocular safety assessment of CD-based ocular delivery systems for drugs is included in the review.

Two-dimensional (2D) sheet-like materials, including aluminium carbide (C3Al), are superior Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs) in contrast to traditional macro systems because of their bioavailability and adsorption. Most pharmacological compounds can have their bioavailability and absorption enhanced by the interface of conjugated polymers with an averaged adsorption energy. As a result, it was examined whether 2D C3Al might be used for the medication administration of Nitrosourea (NU). The NU molecules interacted with C3Al with such a medium interaction energy, which is necessary for a good DDS, according to the adsorbed energy (Eads) study. For various complexes, the adsorbed energies is ranged between 21.81 and 11.14 kcal/mol.

The surface's increased dipole moment towards the conclusion of NU adsorption promoted solubility and was crucial for drug administration in biological systems. After NU was adsorbed, the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of C3Al decreased from 3.45 eV to 2.69 eV. All computational results indicate that C3Al is a good option to administer the anticancer medication NU.

This study offers helpful information on the creation of an innovative C3Al-based NU drug delivery device. Researchers are investigating phytochemicals, which are bioactive plant compounds, for their potential to treat cancer.The most common type of treatment for breast cancer is conventional chemotherapy. However, the cytotoxic properties of synthetic pharmaceuticals and resistance to a variety of anticancer medications continue to be significant barriers. As a result, certain phytochemicals have been identified as potential chemotherapeutic agents. These chemicals' poor water solubility and gastrointestinal instability have made it difficult for them to reach the target tumour through bioavailability. Throughout order to boost their bio-efficiency, putting these bioactive substances onto specific delivery vehicles may prove to be a wonderful tactic. Nano-drug delivery systems based on phytochemicals have improved anticancer efficacy, decreased toxicity, and boosted drug stability and bioavailability [4].

Conclusion

The goal is to highlight the most recent developments in breast cancer treatment while also promoting the use of create the effect in the nano-drug delivery systems to get around some of the drawbacks of conventional drug therapy strategies. Overall, this analysis supports the idea of phytochemical-based nanoparticles for the breast cancer treatment while emphasising the studies that have demonstrated that nanocarriers enhance the bioactivity of anti-cancerous plant products and minimise the undesirable side effects on normal tissues. This review also lays the path for more research on breast cancer nano-drug delivery technologies.

References

1. Wang X, Li C, Wang Y, et al. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2022.

   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar][PubMed]

2. Solanki R, Jodha B, Prabina KE, et al. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2022:103832.

   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

3. Wang Q, Zhang A, Zhu L, et al.. Coord Chem Rev. 2023;476:214919.

   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar][PubMed]

4. Zhang W, Zhang Z, Fu S, et al. ChemPhysMater. 2022.

   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]