Cosmetoceutical Current Review of Herbal Plants Used for Skin Diseases and Related Problems in India: An Overview

Tinku Kumar^1*, Girendra Kumar Gautam², Lubhan Singh³ and Saurabh Nimesh^4
*Correspondence: Tinku Kumar, Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ram College of Pharmacy, Utter Pradesh, India, Email:

Received: 22-Nov-2021 Published: 21-Dec-2021

Keywords

Herbal medical plant, Skin disease, Herbs derma care, Psoriasis, Dermatitis, Inflammation.

Introduction

Ayurveda system makes use of many plants to make cosmetics for beautifying and protection from external body parts effects. The natural phytochemical constituents not cause any side effects on the human body; but provide nutrients and other useful minerals to the body [1]. The Herbal cosmetics plants or products are made from various cosmetic constituent to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients are incorporated for defined cosmetic benefits [2]. Excessive exposure to heat, the causes skin to dehydrate during summer and causes wrinkles, blemishes, pigmentation and sunburns. Extremes of winter causes damages to the skin and hairs in the form of cracks of the skin and other body parts [3]. The cosmetics, according to the Drugs and Cosmetics Act is defined may be articles intended to be rubbed external parts of the body, poured, sprinkled or sprayed on, introduced into or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing and beatifying of body, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. The cosmetic product does not come under the preview of drug license authority. The herbal cosmetics are the preparations containing photochemical from a variety of botanical sources, which influences the functions of skin and provide nutrients necessary for the healthy skin or hair [4].

Literature Review

There is common belief that chemical based cosmetics are harmful to the skin and an increased awareness among consumers for herbal products triggered the demand for natural products and natural extracts in cosmetics preparations. The skin and hair beauty of individuals depends on the health, habits, routine job, climatic conditions and maintenance [3]. The origin of cosmetics forms a continuous narrative throughout the history of man as they developed. The man in prehistoric times 3000BC used colours for decoration to attract the animals that he wished to hunt and also the man survived attack from the enemy by colouring his skin and adorned his body for protection to provoke fear in an enemy (whether man or animal). The origin of Cosmetoceutical product were related with hunting skin, butifing, religion and superstition and later associated with herbal medicine [5]. Plants are the natural herbal sources of cosmetic product. They can be used to design some useful inorganic and organic materials that are called green synthesis [4]. They are made from original ingredients in plants, leaves, roots, fruits and flowers which have properties for health and beauty [6]. The herbal Act specify that herbs plants and faithful oils used is cosmetics product must not claim to enter beyond the external layers of the epidermis layer [6].

Cosmetic preparation: The cosmetic product are physically divided into three phase.

Solids preparation: face powder, face pack, talc, mass compact powder, face peck etc.

Semi solids preparation: Creams, ointment, wax base creams, ointment, liniment, paste, etc.

Liquids: Lotion, Mustering, Shampoos, conditioner, hair oils, deodorant, cleansing milk, mouth wash etc.

Discussion

Skin disorder

Bacterial skin infection: Skin Subcutaneous bactericidal infections may be divided into primary and secondary types Table 1. Primary Infections are mostly frequently incited by Staphylococci, especially Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Streptococci, mainly group A Streptococci [7,8]. They are also the large common invaders in secondary infections, but gram-negative bacterial infection also often colonize dermatological Skin infection, though they do not frequently produce true secondary infection except in special locations like the outer ear part, or in certain types of chronic lesions [9,10].

Candidiasis: Candidacies, the overall term for infective infection with fungal, may be divided into superficial blood connective tissue infection, deep native infection, or dissemination infection. Fungal infections of the skin infection and nails area unit one amongst the foremost common Candidiasis infections worldwide. Fungal species area unit mostly found in within the human GIT tract, mouth and duct etc. Predisposition factors for infective fungal infection embody prolonged antibiotic herbal medical care, steroid medical care, Dermatological skin trauma and immunological disorder, with the foremost severe infections currently occurring in patients with AIDS [11] (Figure 1).

Scabies: Scabies is a common condition and very critical symptoms itchy skin inflammation redness and swelling condition caused by human scabies mites. It can affect individual of any age group but is mostly common in the young men and the elderly. The mighty that cause scabies are tiny parasites inflammation, smaller than a pinhead. They are usually picked up by directly skin to skin network infection with someone whose already has scabies, and only very rarely from objects such as Clothing or bedding. Inflammation is the main symptom of scabies, usually starting about a month after the mites were picked up. The itching affects the body and limbs but usually spares the Head and neck, except in infants. The itching often gets worse in bed at night. It is common for several people in the same family, and their friends, to become itchy redness at roughly the same time [12] (Figure 2).

Psoriasis: The Psoriasis infection is a common skin disorder affecting about 2% of the world wide population. It occurs equally in male and female, at any age group, and tends to come and go unpredictably. It is not infectious, and does not scar the skin. The outer layer of skin (the epidermis) contains cells which are formed at the bottom and then move up towards the Exrternal surface, gradually changing as they go, finally dying before they are shed from the surface. This journey normally takes between 3 and 4 weeks person to person contact. In Psoriasis, the rate of turnover is dramatologically increased within the affected skin outer body parts, so that cells are formed and shed in as little as 3 or 4 days. Lesions of psoriasis (often known as plaques) are Pink or red skin, but covered with silvery-white scales. They can be form a variety of shapes and sizes skin, and have well-defined boundaries with the surrounding skin [13] (Figure 3).

Eczema (atopic dermatitis): The Eczema is the conditions mainly used to describe changes in the epidermis layer of the skin that include redness, itching, swelling etc. Blistering, oozing, crusting, scaling, thickening and sometimes pigmentation. It is most commonly in children, affecting at least 10% of infants at some stage. It usually disappears during Childhood, although it can carry on into adult life or come back in the teen age or early adult Year of age groups. It may occasionally develop for the first time in adulthood. Eczema may affected any part of The skin, including the face and other body parts of body, but the area most commonly affected are the bends of the elbows And knees, and around the wrists and neck. Other common appearances of atopic eczema Include discrete coin-sized areas of inflammation [14] (Figure 4).

Fungal skin infections: Superficial fungal infections can and do occur in both healthy and compromised person. The Most common fungal skin infections are the dermatophytoses (ring worm, tinea), ptyriasis versicolor and candidacies [15]. Dermatophytic infections are generally restricted to the nonliving cornified layers of the skin external body parts, hair and nail male and female gonads are generally effected and gonad are traditionally named according to the anatomic location of the infected body surface aria. The major types are tinea barbae infection, facie, capitis, corporis, cruris, pedis, manuum and unguium etc. The most frequently isolated causative immune cell dermatophytes are T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes and E. flocossum in case of tinea pedis while M. canis, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum as well as T. violaceum are common causative agents in Case of tinea capitis [13] (Figure 5).

Viral Infection: These viral infections include when a virus enter the stratum corneum and children the inner layers of the skin infection. It may be many type of Examples in viral skin infections include herpes virus, simplex virus, shingles (herpes zoster) and warts. Some systemic viral infections, like chicken pox and measles, may also affect the skin disease. Viral infections cannot be cured with antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc., [15] (Figure 6).

Acne: Acne is a very common skin disorder characterised by comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) and pus-filled spots (pustules). It usually started at puberty and varies in severity from a few spots on the face and much type of skin disorder, back and chest, which most adolescents can be have at some time skin in, to a more serious problem that may be embarrassing, sap self-confidence and cause scarring. The skin disorder mainly affected skin problem. (Oil-producing) glands of people who get acne are particularly sensitive to normal blood levels of a hormone called testosterone may produce sex hormones , which is present in both male and female. This causes the glands to produce an excess of oil. At the same time, the dead skin cells lining the pores are not shed properly and clog up the follicles. The acne bacterium infection (known as Propionibacterium acnes) lives on everyone’s skin disorder, usually causing no problems, but, in those prone to acne, the buildup of oil creates an ideal environment in which these bacteria can multiply. This triggers inflammation redness skin inflammation and the formation of red or pus-filled spots [16].

Conclusion

Herbal Cosmetoceutical product is potential to cure and treated dermatological disease and skin related problem. More than 75% Indian population depending on the herbal medicine is cure skin disease related problem. According to coast herbal medicine is low coast compare to an allopathic medicine and low side effect and great benefit of population. Herbals are a large phytochemical source of active drug and may be safer therapeutic effect treatment for skin diseases and dermatological problem ranging from rashes to dreadful skin cancer and dermatitis. More than 65% of plant species useful for Benefit treatment of skin diseases and dermatological problem appear to be restricted to forests, so activities such as deforestation, the Current scenario shows that herbal product have been marked up in personal care system and there is a great requirement for herbal cosmetics in daily life The herbal cosmetic product dally purpose used such as creams, scoop, shampoo, herbal face wash etc.

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